察布查尔县土壤碳氮磷钾垂直分布规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

赛牙热木·哈力甫  宋瑞清  艾克拜尔·伊拉洪  阿不都赛买提·乃合买提  迪里努尔·艾力  米日尼沙·买买提明 《干旱区地理》2018,41(3):582-591

以察布查尔县1 191~2 656 m不同海拔草原土壤为研究对象,研究有机质（外加热法,10.18~74.3 3 mg·kg^-1）、全氮（自动凯氏定氮仪,0.17~2.6 g·kg^-1）、碱解氮（扩散法,14.9 7~198.72mg·kg^-1）、磷元素（钼锑抗比色法,全磷：0.12~0.76 g·kg^-1、速效磷：20.7 4~153.64 mg·kg^-1）,钾元素（火焰光度计法,全钾：9.81~18.64 g·kg^-1、速效钾：659.05~1 001.45 mg·kg^-1）含量垂直分布特征。结果表明碳、氮、磷、钾均随土层深度的增加而降低;除钾元素外碳、氮、磷随海拔高度的增加而上升;相关性分析结果显示,0~20 cm土层中,海拔高度与碱解氮呈正极显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.838^**）,与土壤有机、全氮呈正显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.831^*、R=0.751^*）;有机质与碱解氮呈正极显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.988^**）,与全磷呈正显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.726^*）,20~40 cm土层中,海拔高度与有机质、碱解氮、全氮、全磷呈正相关,与速效磷、速效钾、全钾呈负相关;有机质与碱解氮、全氮成正极显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.867^**、R=0.970^**）,碱解氮与全氮呈正极显著相关（p < 0.05,R=0.914^**）,40~60 cm土层中,海拔高度与有机质、碱解氮、全磷呈正相关,与速效磷、全磷、速效钾、全钾呈负相关;有机质与碱解氮、全氮呈正极显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.884^**、R=0.966^**）,与速效磷、全钾呈正相关,与全磷、速效钾呈负相关;碱解氮与全氮呈正极显著性相关（p < 0.05,R=0.952^**）。  相似文献   

Changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under the interaction between sunlight and phosphate in the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary     

FANG Tao LI Daoji YU Lihua LI Yun 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(2):161-170

We conducted ship-board incubation experiments to investigate changes in nutrient uptake of phytoplankton under different phosphate concentrations and irradiances in the Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent waters in China. Under 100% natural irradiance the uptake rates of phosphate, silicate, and nitrate were accelerated at high phosphate levels （1.84 μM）, while under low irradiance （about 50% natural irradiance） their uptake rates were restrained at the high but stimulated greatly at the intermediate phosphate concentrations （1.26 μM）, as the growth of phytoplankton, changes in nitrite and ammonium uptake didn＇t follow an obvious pattern. Our results also showed that there were linear relationships between nitrate, silicate and phosphate uptake at different phosphate concentrations under low and high irradiances, and the growth period of phytoplankton was prolonged both at the high phosphate concentrations under high irradiance and at the intermediate concentrations under low irradiance, suggesting that the limitation of phytoplankton growth mainly reflected changes in its growth period, and because no such environment （low irradiance and low phosphate concentrations） actually existed in a high turbidity zone, phytoplankton blooms hardly occurred there. In the absence of irradiance, denitrification occurred readily and phytoplankton was kept decreasing, which resulted in phosphate regeneration.  相似文献   

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GAO Lei    LI Daoji  WANG Yanming  YU Lihua  KONG Dingjiang  LI Mei  LI Yun  and FANG Tao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology  Tongji University  Shanghai  China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine  Coastal Research  East China Normal University  Shanghai  China 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(1):58-71

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.  相似文献   

末次盛冰期以来印度尼西亚穿越流对东印度洋上部水体结构的影响          下载免费PDF全文

叶黎明  翦知湣  金海燕  成鑫荣 《第四纪研究》2008,28(3):458-464

海洋上部水体垂向结构变化对于理解热带海区在全球气候变化中的作用有着重要意义。通过分析印度尼西亚穿越流(ITF)出口处东印度洋帝汶海区SO18480-3孔中的浮游有孔虫表层种Globigerinoides ruber和温跃层种Pulleniatina obliquiloculata壳体氧碳同位素,并借助12个AMS¹⁴C测年数据重建了末次盛冰期(LGM)以来该区温跃层深度和营养盐水平的演化序列。壳体氧同位素(δ¹⁸O)记录表明温跃层古海洋学特征的变化幅度要大于表层海水,其差值(Δδ¹⁸O_(P-G))有效地反映了温跃层深度的变化,即冰消期和晚全新世温跃层较浅,LGM和早中全新世温跃层较深;并揭示出与全新世相比,LGM期间ITF总流量未显著减小,ITF对该区上部水体结构的影响受到了东西太平洋之间不对称性的调节。碳同位素(δ¹³C)记录则表明该区的古海洋学变化在不同程度上受到了南大洋的影响,并受本区上部水体垂向结构的控制,其差值(Δδ¹³_(G-P))在一定程度上反映了该区上部水体营养盐水平的变化。  相似文献   

Effects of Enclosure on Plant and Soil Restoration in the Junggar Desert     

WEI Peng  AN Shazhou  KE Mei  LI Chao  HOU Yurong  LAN Jiyong  KANG Shuai  JIN Junpeng 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(6):840-848

Enclosure is commonly used in the restoration of degraded grasslands. However, the effects of enclosure on grassland plant and soil restoration remain controversial, particularly in deserts. To assess the effects of enclosure on desert plants and soil properties, using high throughput sequencing, the differences between plants and soil were systematically analyzed before and after enclosure construction. The soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the three desert flora increased and decreased, but the difference was not significant; enclosure increased plant height, coverage, aboveground biomass, and species richness by 58.99%, 59.35%, 33.29%, and 51.21%, respectively, in a Seriphidium transiliense formation; by 15.49%, 33.52%, 20.85%, and 5.13%, respectively, in a Haloxylon persicum formation; and by 83.80%, 31.51%, 76.66% and 33.33%, respectively, in an Anabasis salsa formation. For soil bacteria, enclosure significantly increased the average number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon-Wiener index by 12.74% and 2.92%, respectively, under S. transiliense formation and by 17.08% and 3.17%, respectively, under H. persicum formation. However, enclosure had no significant effect on the average number of operational taxonomic units or Shannon-Wiener index under A. salsa formation. Enclosure significantly increased desert plants, soil bacterial diversity, and desert plant community productivity; however, the increase in soil nutrient content was not significant. These results demonstrate that enclosure is effective for restoring desert ecosystems but may have little effect on the soil nutrient content.  相似文献   

Comparative Analysis of Nutrient Composition of Caulerpa lentillifera from Different Regions     

Meijian Zhang  Yurong Ma  Xinyi Che  Zumei Huang  Peng Chen  Guanghua Xia  Meihui Zhao 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2020,19(2):439-445

This study investigated the difference of nutrient composition in Caulerpa lentillifera collected from different regions.The nutrient compositions of C.lentillifera from China's Hainan and Shandong provinces were determined and compared with those from Semporna(Malaysia),Sabah(Malaysia),Petchburi(Thailand),and two other species of seaweeds(Malaysia).The results showed that the polysaccharide and protein contents of C.lentillifera from Hainan(44.82%±0.98%and 12.5%±0.70%),Shandong(43.22%±1.42%and 14.7%±0.72%),Petchburi(59.27%±2.31%and 12.49%±0.30%),and Sabah(44.02%±2.01%and 19.38%±1.48%)were higher than those of Eucheuma cottonii(26.49%±3.01%and 9.76%±1.33%)and Sargassum polycystum(33.49%±1.70%and 5.40%±0.07%),respectively.The polyunsaturated fatty acid contents in C.lentillifera from Hainan(29.98%)and Shandong(22.11%)were higher than that in Semporna(16.76%±0.27%),Sabah(9.49%),and S.polycystum(20.34%±0.43%),but lower than that in E.cottonii(51.55%±0.57%).In Caulerpa lentillifera of Hainan and Shandong provinces,the essential amino acid(EAA)/total amino acid(TAA)ratios were 35.22%and 38.78%,respectively;and the EAA/ETAA ratios were 54.36%and 63.35%,respectively.The EAA composition of C.lentillifera was close to the ideal model of Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization.C.lentillifera was rich in mineral elements,including calcium((3315.85±127.55)mg(100 g)^-1 and(3728.35±92.38)mg(100 g)^-1),magnesium((6715.74±82.58)mg(100 g)^-1 and(8128.59±242.72)mg(100 g)^-1),and trace elements,including iron((510.65±5.47)mg(100 g)^-1 and(1972.97±183.35)mg(100 g)^-1),selenium((1.04±0.08)mg(100 g)^-1 and(0.83±0.15)mg(100 g)^-1),and zinc((33.90±0.13)mg(100 g)^-1 and(11.75±2.05)mg(100 g)^-1).These results showed that C.lentillifera was more nutritious than S.polycystum or E.cottonii in terms of polysaccharide,protein,and fatty acid contents.Furthermore,both C.lentillifera species collected from Hainan and Shandong provinces show more basic nutrients.Therefore,C.lentillifera has important development and application prospects.  相似文献   

氮钾配施对生姜产量和砂姜黑土肥力的效应     

李录久  郭熙盛  陈防  高杰军  陈勇  丁楠  张琳 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(6):50-56

研究了淮北平原砂姜黑土地区生姜氮钾配施的增产效应和对土壤养分的影响。结果表 明:氮钾配施可以大幅度提高生姜的产量,施钾的增产幅度,柴姜为15.3%～58.4%,平均增产率 为35.8%;狮子头姜产量提高18.2%～46.9%,平均增产28.7%。增施氮钾肥可有效提高土壤有 机质、全N、有效P、速效K、缓效K、有效Ca和有效Mg含量,降低NO3-盐含量,促使土壤pH趋于 中性,对全P和碱解N含量影响较小。土壤N素和P素大量盈余,不施钾时土壤K亏损严重,施钾 处理土壤钾基本上处于盈余状态,有利于维持和提高土壤肥力。  相似文献   

Capturing temporal variability for estimates of annual hydrochemical export from a first‐order agricultural catchment in southern Ontario,Canada     

M. L. Macrae  M. C. English  S. L. Schiff  M. Stone 《水文研究》2007,21(13):1651-1663

This 2‐year study (2000, 2001) reports annual nutrient (phosphorus, nitrate) export from a first‐order agricultural watershed in southern Ontario based on an intensive monitoring programme. The importance of storm and melt events in annual export estimates is demonstrated and the temporal variability in nutrient loading during events is related to processes occurring within the catchment. The feasibility of predicting event‐related nutrient export from hydrometric data is explored. The importance of sampling frequency throughout events is also shown. Export of total phosphorus (TP), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and nitrate ( ) for 2000 and 2001 averaged 0·35 kg ha^?1 year^?1, 0·09 kg ha^?1 year^?1, and 35 kg ha^?1 year^?1 (as N) respectively. Approximately 75% of annual TP export, 80% of annual SRP export and 70% of annual export occurred during 28 events per year. A small number of large‐magnitude events (>34 mm) accounted for 18–42% of annual TP export, 0–61% of annual SRP export and 13–33% of annual NO export. Our results show that temporal variability in nutrient export is largely governed by discharge in this basin, and export can be predicted from discharge. SRP and TP export can also be predicted from discharge, but only for events that are not large in magnitude. The sampling interval throughout events is important in obtaining precise estimates of nutrient export, as infrequent sampling intervals may over‐ or under‐estimate nutrient export by ± 45% per event for P. This study improves our understanding of and P export patterns and our ability to predict or model them by relating temporal variability in event nutrient export to discharge and processes occurring within the basin, and also by exploring the significance of sampling interval in the context of the importance of individual events, season and temporal variability during events. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Competition between benthic and pelagic microalgae for phosphorus and light – long-term experiments using artificial substrates     

Annika Pasternak  Helmut Hillebrand  Sabine Flöder 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2009,71(2):238-249

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An empirical regression model of soluble phosphorus retention for small pristine streams evaluating tracer experiments     

Marcus Schulz  Maik Bischoff  Jörg Klasmeier  Jürgen Berlekamp  Michael Matthies 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2008,70(2):115-122

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